QuizUnit 05

Match the cards with the correct description.

Select correct time period for the the description.

Land consolidation resulted in large fields and a reduction in landscape diversity.

People mainly live in villages, but new fortified towns are also appearing in the landscape.

The belief that "man is above nature" became predominant.

People begin to settle in one place more permanently, and nomadic living becomes less common.

Technology advanced rapidly, leading to the construction of factory complexes, especially near rivers.

Railways were built to meet new transport demands, but horse-drawn carriages were still used, especially in rural areas.

Summer residences of the nobility—castles and palaces—were built in the landscape.

Advances in technology led to the construction of long-distance power lines, which now run through the landscape.

Early settlements are often small and consist of family groups.

Humans domesticate the first animals and grind grain by hand using stones.

Infrastructure for car transport developed rapidly, with new roads and highways.

Between buildings and settlements, view axes and pathways with avenues of trees were created.

A large number of small religious monuments were constructed in the landscape.

Trade and handicrafts continue to develop, and grain is ground in mills.

A cultural landscape is emerging—a mosaic of villages, orchards, fields, meadows, and pastures.

Select the correct name in the text

are upright, vertically placed stones, usually without signs of carving. These large stones, often erected individually or in groups, primarily appear in western Europe, with famous examples in France and the UK, such as those in the Stonehenge area. These structures may have had religious or astronomical significance.

were frequently linked with miracles, and many legends and stories about the healing powers of water persist today. In numerous locations, they were enhanced with embellishments, often enclosed or surrounded by small architectural structures.

The veneration of by the Celts and early Slavs (such as oaks and yews) continued into the Middle Ages, though in different way. Trees were witnesses to various significant events that people commemorated for centuries, including sermons (like those during the Hussite movement), battles, and the founding of villages.

While along roads are most characteristic of the Baroque landscape, they had been present in the landscape earlier. In the 18th century in Austria-Hungary, tree planting was further encouraged by decrees from Maria Theresa and Joseph II.

Many small monuments originated from the everyday use of the landscape. were gradually created by heavy carts moving along them. They created networks on narrow plots behind villages, while boundary trees or stones marked property lines. Peace stones and sacred pictures commemorated significant events. These uses of the landscape date back to early agricultural practices.

Simple from the Middle Ages, which have survived in some areas, were often erected at sites of crimes or tragic events. These crosses served to commemorate these events and to help reconcile the families of victims and perpetrators.

Select the correct name in the text

Wooden or stone , often made of cast iron, were a memorial to Jesus Christ. They appeared in fields, cemeteries, crossroads, and were symbols of faith and protection.

is a small structure, often with one or more niches, housed statues of saints. They served as places for prayer and stops on journeys or pilgrimages.

, Madonnas, or Christ were placed not only in villages but also in the open landscape. These statues became particularly prevalent during the Baroque period, when sculptural works added spiritual significance to locations. Saints are patrons of various professions and can be recognised by their attributes.

In addition to their religious role, village had a practical function – announcing fires. Their rise was largely prompted by Maria Theresa’s Fire Decree in the mid-18th century in Austria-Hungary. Initially, bells were hung on trees, but later, a variety of structures, from simple wooden buildings to ornate towers, were constructed.